Originally called the ‘Scotch Sheep Dog’, the Border Collie has been used by Vikings for hypnotizing and mesmerizing cattle. With an eye that can mesmerize cattle, the breed can master any herd just by sitting and staring.
Physical Traits
Area of Origin: Borders of Scotland and England
Used for: Herding, Companion
Average Life Span: 12-15 years
Color: Black and White, Black and Gray, Red and White, Yellow and White or all Black
Coat: Weather-resistant, dense and close-fitting double coat
Average Height: 9-22 inches
Average Weight: 30-45 pounds
Group: Herding
History and Domestication
The Border Collie originated from Northumberland along Scottish and English borders. The breed descended from the breeds used by Vikings to hunt reindeers with addition of a Spaniel.
The breed is termed as workaholic just because of its sheer drive to work and love for it. It has a hypnotic eye that makes it master any kind of herd just with its intense stare. It is one of the most trainable breeds and has been trained to act as guide dogs for blinds.
They are used in bomb detection, narcotics and competitive obedience.
Standard Physical Characteristics
This is an average-sized, energetic dog. The skull is flat and moderate in width and the body is slightly longer than tail. The muzzle and skull are about the same length. The eyes are oval in shape and set well apart and are brown in color except in merles where one or both eyes can be blue. Ears are medium in size and are either semi-erect or carried.
Care, Grooming and Health
The breed requires regular brushing and combing to keep its coat gleaming. Extra care is needed when it sheds its soft and dense undercoat. Bathe only when necessary but take care of its ears for ticks. The breed sheds moderately.
This is a highly intelligent dog, so only physical exercise isn’t enough. They love to work and make sure that their work involves both mind and body. They are fast and agile and thrive on play and hard work. They need to be taken on long daily walks.
Often the breed is allergic to fleas and prone to PRA, epilepsy and hip dyslexia.
Living Conditions
This breed is not recommended for an apartment life. It is active indoors and does well with acreage. If it has plenty of activities and gets to see its master often, the breed can do well in a kennel. However, it doesn’t like being chained up in a backyard all day.
Temperament
This is very intelligent and easy to train dog. The dog works hard and thrives on work and praise. The breed has great stamina and will be friendly as long as they get ample exercise. But they may turn aggressive if you do not show them full leadership. They can also not be trusted with small non-canine pets. The breed can also be sensitive so they need to be socialized well. They can often challenge your authority while they are adolescents. These are perfectionist with a prominent will to please.
