The tiny, toy-sized dog is the smallest dog breed in the world. It gets its name from the Mexican city of Chihuahua, where it originated. They have been a favorite pet of upper classes.
Physical Traits
Area of Origin: United States
Used for: Companion
Average Life Span: Above 15 years
Color: White, fawn, sand, silver, chestnut, black and tan
Coat: Short, long, wavy or flat
Average Height: 6-9 inches
Average Weight: 2-6 pounds
Group: Southern, toy
History and Domestication
Chihuahua is the smallest dog breed in the world and the oldest in the American continent. It gets its name from the Mexican city Chihuahua to where it shares its roots. This breed was brought to Europe in 19th century.
The breeds that go in the making of the tiny dog are still unclear but some believe that it shares roots with the Fennec Fox.
This breed has been a favorite pet of upper class and sacred to Pre-Columbian Indian nations.
Standard Physical Characteristics
The Chihuahua is a tiny dog whose body is longer than its tail. It has a well-rounded apple shaped head and a short muzzle with a well-defined stop. Puppies generally have ‘mollera’ or a soft spot on their skulls which closes by the time they become adults. The eyes are large, round and well-set apart and can be ruby, dark or a lighter color in white varieties. The erect ears are large.
Care, Grooming and Health
The smooth and shorthaired coat of a Chihuahua can be wiped with a damp cloth or gently brushed. The long coat must be brushed with a soft bristle brush. But both kinds of coated dogs must be bathed once a month making sure that no water enters their ears. This breed sheds moderately. Though it is tempting to carry these toy dogs around but these are actually active dogs and need to be walked daily. Their exercise needs can be taken care with play but as with most dogs, their canine instinct of walking will not be satisfied. They also love romping in safe, enclosed areas. These dogs are prone to slipped stifle, cold and gum problems. They also tend to gain weight very easily. As this is a small breed, they can easily be poisoned with chocolate or fertilizers.
Living Conditions
They are aptly suited for apartment life. They love warm weather and particularly dislike colder temperatures. Just like other dogs, they too need space to live.
Temperament
Courageous, lively and adventurous, the Chihuahua is an excellent companion dog. They may be proud and brave but they enjoy affection. Without proper human leadership, they can be strong-willed. These dogs are very loyal and get attached to their owners very easily and often end up licking their owners’ faces. They need to be socialized well. These are intelligent dogs and learn very quickly and respond well to firm and positive reinforcement. They need to be trained in obedience or they may develop small dog syndrome and display aggressiveness, jealousy and suspicion.
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